Climate Negotiations
Arab States
The Arab League of Nations, often called the ‘Arab Group,’ was established in 1945 and consists of 22 member states, including Saudi Arabia, Egypt, and the UAE. Representing over 492 million people across the Middle East and North Africa, the group advocates for its members' interests in global forums, including climate negotiations. Historically, oil-producing countries like Saudi Arabia and the UAE have had significant influence within the group.
Stance on Climate Negotiations
Although members of the Arab negotiation group have different climate challenges and priorities at the UNFCCC, they work together with a shared vision. The overall position is that Annex I countries should lead emission reduction and that non-annex countries should be financially compensated for adaptation and mitigation. The group also states that climate action must target emissions and not sources.
This Saudi-led line is mainly supported by oil-producing countries like Kuwait, Iraq, Algeria and Lybia, who will push back against a fossil-fuel exit. The non-oil-producing countries like Egypt, Lebanon and Jordan are however more inclined to work towards combating climate change.
Regarding (Inter)national security, The League of Arab States calls upon the Charter of the UN, which encourages the establishment of cooperative relationships between the UN and regional organizations. LAS, being a regional organization, already cooperates with the UNSC towards the shared goal of a secure, peaceful and stable Arab region. The UNSC sought to increase its successful engagement with LAS in 2021.
Did you know that Morocco produces electricity by heating up a massive pillar of salt in the middle of the desert? This heated salt melts during the day creating a chemical reaction which could be transformed into electricity, during the night it cools down and rewinds itself. This method is capable of producing enough electricity for 1 million homes at its peak.
Further Reading
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France24.com. “Not All Arab States Backing Saudi Arabia in COP28 Talks,” December 2023. Accessed September 18, 2024. https://www.france24.com/en/live-news/20231211-not-all-arab-states-backing-saudi-arabia-in-cop28-talks.
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Hashem, Mustafa, Lina Yassin, and Ahmad Saba Al Leil. Negotiations of Arab States Under UNFCCC: Interlinkages and Recommendations, 2022.
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McGrath, Matt. “Climate Change: ‘Sand Battery’ Could Solve Green Energy’s Big Problem,” July 5, 2022, https://www.bbc.com/news/science-environment-61996520.
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Security Council Report. “Briefing on Cooperation Between the UN and the League of Arab States,” n.d. https://www.securitycouncilreport.org/whatsinblue/2023/06/briefing-on-cooperation-between-the-un-and-the-league-of-arab-states.php.
Authors
Youssef Ahmad, Jelmer Peetoom, Lea Kerst.